Journal
TRENDS IN PARASITOLOGY
Volume 36, Issue 5, Pages 427-434Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2020.02.004
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Funding
- EU-LAC Health
- Italian Ministry of Health-PERITAS project (molecular epidemiological studies on pathways of transmission and long lasting capacity building to prevent cystic echinococcosis infection)
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Control of cystic echinococcosis (CE) relies on interrupting Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato transmission through interventions in dogs and livestock. However, primary prevention measures aimed at avoiding ingestion of Echinococcus eggs may help reduce the burden of human CE. CE is generally considered, to variable extents, to be foodborne, but there is little evidence on the actual contamination of matrices and sociocultural factors involved in parasite transmission. An overall appraisal of published literature suggests that environmental contamination, possibly through hand-to-mouth transmission, may be of primary importance. While in most endemic areas sufficient epidemiological information is available to start CE control programs, identifying the main sources of infection to humans would allow optimization of site-specific interventions while avoiding irrelevant health education messages.
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