Journal
TRANSPLANT INFECTIOUS DISEASE
Volume 22, Issue 4, Pages -Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/tid.13289
Keywords
allogeneic cell transplantation; infection; mortality
Categories
Funding
- Swiss Transplant Cohort Study
- Swiss National Science Foundation [33CS30_134267, 33CS30_148512]
- Swiss University Hospitals [G15]
- Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF) [33CS30_148512, 33CS30_134267] Funding Source: Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF)
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Background Infections are an important complication after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT). The present study aimed at determining the landscape of infections occurring in a large cohort of allo-HCT patients, as well as associated risk factors for infections and for one-year non-relapse mortality. Methods This is a retrospective cohort study using STCS and EBMT databases to assess the one-year incidence rate of infection, as well as risk factors for infections and for one-year non-relapse mortality among adult allo-HCT patients transplanted between 2010 and 2014 in Switzerland. Univariable and multivariable quasi-Poisson and multivariable Cox regression models were used. Results Of 553 patients included, 486 had an infection with a global incidence rate of 3.66 infections per patient-year. Among a total of 1534 infections analyzed, viral infections were predominant (n = 1138, 74.2%), followed by bacterial (n = 343, 22.4%) and fungal (n = 53, 3.5%) infections. At one year, the cumulative incidence of relapse and non-relapse mortality was 26% and 16%, respectively. 195 (35.3%) of patients had at least one episode of severe graft-versus-host-disease (GvHD). A center effect was observed, and underlying disease, donor type, cytomegalovirus serological constellation, and GvHD were also associated with the incidence rate of infections. There was an increased risk for one-year non-relapse mortality associated with all pathogens, specifically within two months of infection, and this remained true beyond 2 months of a fungal infection. Conclusion Despite advances to limit infections in this population, they still occur in most allo-HCT patients with a major impact on survival at 1 year.
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