Journal
CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS
Volume 28, Issue 20, Pages 7496-7504Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b03310
Keywords
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Funding
- National Research Foundation (NRF), Singapore through the CRP programme [NRF-CRP14-2014-03]
- Singapore-Berkeley Research Initiative for Sustainable Energy (SinBeRISE) CREATE programme
- NTU-A*STAR Silicon Technologies Centre of Excellence [112 3510 0003]
- Australian Renewable Energy Agency (ARENA)
- Australian National Fabrication Facility (ANFF) ACT Node
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Even though perovskite solar cells have reached 22% efficiency within a very short span, the presence of lead is a major bottleneck to its commercial application. Tin and germanium based perovskites failed to be viable replacements due to the instability of their +2 oxidation states. Antimony could be a possible replacement, forming perovskites with structure A(3)M(2)X(9). However, solution processing of Cs, organic ammonium based Sb perovskites result in the formation of the dimer phase with poor charge transport properties. Here we demonstrate that Rb can template the formation of the desired layered phase irrespective of processing methodologies, enabling the demonstration of efficient lead-free perovskite solar cells.
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