Journal
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
Volume 12, Issue 543, Pages -Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aau2939
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Funding
- Intramural Research Program of the NIH (NIMH) [ZIA-MH002793, ZIA-MH002795, ZIAMH002852]
- Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA)
- Eli Lilly and Co.
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH [ZIAMH002793, ZIAMH002795] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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We aimed to develop effective radioligands for quantifying brain O-linked-beta-N-acetyl-glucosamine (O-GlcNAc) hydrolase (OGA) using positron emission tomography in living subjects as tools for evaluating drug target engagement. Posttranslational modifications of tau, a biomarker of Alzheimer's disease, by O-GlcNAc through the enzyme pair OGA and O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) are inversely related to the amounts of its insoluble hyperphosphorylated form. Increase in tau O-GlcNAcylation by OGA inhibition is believed to reduce tau aggregation. LSN3316612, a highly selective and potent OGA ligand [half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) = 1.9 nM], emerged as a lead ligand after in silico analysis and in vitro evaluations. [H-3]LSN3316612 imaged and quantified OGA in postmortem brains of rat, monkey, and human. The presence of fluorine and carbonyl functionality in LSN3316612 enabled labeling with positron-emitting fluorine-18 or carbon-11. Both [F-18]LSN3316612 and [C-11]LSN3316612 bound reversibly to OGA in vivo, and such binding was blocked by pharmacological doses of thiamet G, an OGA inhibitor of different chemotype, in monkeys. [F-18]LSN3316612 entered healthy human brain avidly (similar to 4 SUV) without radiodefluorination or adverse effect from other radiometabolites, as evidenced by stable brain total volume of distribution (V-T) values by 110 min of scanning. Overall, [F-18]LSN3316612 is preferred over [C-11]LSN3316612 for future human studies, whereas either may be an effective positron emission tomography radioligand for quantifying brain OGA in rodent and monkey.
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