Journal
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
Volume 124, Issue 17, Pages -Publisher
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.124.177201
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Funding
- Spanish AEI [MAT2016-78293-C6, FIS2017-83780-P]
- Spanish AEI (Maria de Maeztu Units of Excellence Programme) [MDM-20160618]
- European Union's Horizon 2020 (FET-Open project SPRING Grant) [863098]
- Basque Departamento de Educacion [PRE_2019_2_0218]
- Xunta de Galicia (Centro singular de investigacion de Galicia accreditation) [ED431G/09]
- European Regional Development
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Graphene can develop large magnetic moments in custom-crafted open-shell nanostructures such as triangulene, a triangular piece of graphene with zigzag edges. Current methods of engineering graphene nanosystems on surfaces succeeded in producing atomically precise open-shell structures, but demonstration of their net spin remains elusive to date. Here, we fabricate triangulenelike graphene systems and demonstrate that they possess a spin S = 1 ground state. Scanning tunneling spectroscopy identifies the fingerprint of an underscreened S = 1 Kondo state on these flakes at low temperatures, signaling the dominant ferromagnetic interactions between two spins. Combined with simulations based on the meanfield Hubbard model, we show that this S = 1 pi paramagnetism is robust and can be turned into an S = 1/2 state by additional H atoms attached to the radical sites. Our results demonstrate that pi paramagnetism of high-spin graphene flakes can survive on surfaces, opening the door to study the quantum behavior of interacting pi spins in graphene systems.
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