Journal
NATURE PHYSICS
Volume 16, Issue 8, Pages 837-+Publisher
NATURE RESEARCH
DOI: 10.1038/s41567-020-0874-0
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Funding
- Natural Science and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada
- Canadian Foundation for Innovation
- Ontario Innovation Trust
- Center for Quantum Materials at the University of Toronto
- Killam Research Fellowship from the Canada Council for the Arts
- National Science Foundation [PHY-1607611]
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alpha-RuCl3 is a promising candidate for realizing the Kitaev quantum spin liquid, but the physics governing its magnetic behaviour remain elusive. Resonant elastic X-ray scattering data now set unambiguous constraints on the leading terms in the Hamiltonian. alpha-RuCl3 is drawing much attention as a promising candidate for the Kitaev quantum spin liquid(1-8). However, despite intensive research efforts, controversy remains about the form of the basic interactions governing the physics of this material. Even the sign of the Kitaev interaction (the bond-dependent anisotropic interaction responsible for Kitaev physics) is still under debate, with conflicting results from theoretical and experimental studies(5,6,9-15). The significance of the symmetric off-diagonal exchange interaction (referred to as the Gamma term) is another contentious question(16-18). Here, we present resonant elastic X-ray scattering data that provide unambiguous experimental constraints to the two leading terms in the magnetic interaction Hamiltonian. We show that the Kitaev interaction (K) is ferromagnetic, and that the Gamma term is antiferromagnetic and comparable in size to the Kitaev interaction. Our findings also provide a natural explanation for the large anisotropy of the magnetic susceptibility in alpha-RuCl3 as arising from the large Gamma term. We therefore provide a crucial foundation for understanding the interactions underpinning the exotic magnetic behaviours observed in alpha-RuCl3.
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