Journal
NATURE MATERIALS
Volume 19, Issue 6, Pages 605-+Publisher
NATURE PORTFOLIO
DOI: 10.1038/s41563-020-0659-y
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51962020, 51972157, 11574126, 11604135]
- National Key Research and Development Plan of China [2017YFB0406300]
- Nanchang University
- Generalitat de Catalunya [2017 SGR1506, 2017 SGR 579]
- MINECO [MAT2016-77100-C2-2-P, SEV-2015-0496, MAT2016-77100-C2-1-P, SEV-2017-0706]
- European Research Council under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme [724529]
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Flexoelectricity is the ability of materials to generate electricity upon bending. Here it is demonstrated that adding light to mechanical oscillation enhances effective flexoelectric coefficients by orders of magnitude, with the halide perovskites showing the largest coefficients. Harvesting environmental energy to generate electricity is a key scientific and technological endeavour of our time. Photovoltaic conversion and electromechanical transduction are two common energy-harvesting mechanisms based on, respectively, semiconducting junctions and piezoelectric insulators. However, the different material families on which these transduction phenomena are based complicate their integration into single devices. Here we demonstrate that halide perovskites, a family of highly efficient photovoltaic materials(1-3), display a photoflexoelectric effect whereby, under a combination of illumination and oscillation driven by a piezoelectric actuator, they generate orders of magnitude higher flexoelectricity than in the dark. We also show that photoflexoelectricity is not exclusive to halides but a general property of semiconductors that potentially enables simultaneous electromechanical and photovoltaic transduction and harvesting in unison from multiple energy inputs.
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