Journal
NANO LETTERS
Volume 20, Issue 7, Pages 5391-5399Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c01778
Keywords
Li-S; Super-Diluted; Electrolyte; Sulfur Cathode; Battery
Categories
Funding
- National Key R&D Research Program of China [2018YFB0905400]
- Innovation-Driven Project of Central South University [2019CX033]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [U1910210, 51904344, 51925207, 51872277]
- DNL cooperation Fund, CAS [DNL180310]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [Wk2060140026, WK2060000009]
- Joint Center for Energy Storage Research (JCESR), an Energy Innovation Hub - U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences
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Polysulfide shuttle effects, active material losses, formation of resistive surface layers, and continuous electrolyte consumption create a major barrier for the lightweight and low-cost lithium-sulfur (Li-S) battery adoption. Tuning electrolyte composition by using additives and most importantly by substantially increasing electrolyte molarity was previously shown to be one of the most effective strategies. Contrarily, little attention has been paid to dilute and super-diluted LiTFSI/DME/DOL/LiNO3 based-electrolytes, which have been thought to aggravate the polysulfide dissolution and shuttle effects. Here we challenge this conventional wisdom and demonstrate outstanding capabilities of a dilute (0.1 mol L-1 of LiTFSI in DME/DOL with 1 wt. % LiNO3) electrolyte to enable better electrode wetting, greatly improved high-rate capability, and stable cycle performance for high sulfur loading cathodes and low electrolyte/sulfur ratio in Li-S cells. Overall, the presented study shines light on the extraordinary ability of such electrolyte systems to suppress short-chain polysulfide dissolution and polysulfide shuttle effects.
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