Journal
MOLECULAR CARCINOGENESIS
Volume 59, Issue 7, Pages 745-753Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/mc.23196
Keywords
head and neck squamous cell carcinoma; immune checkpoint blockade; immunotherapy; tumor microenvironment
Categories
Funding
- NIH Predoctoral Training Grant [T32AR741134, T32CA174648, T32GM007635]
- VA Merit Award [I01 BX003232]
- NIH R01 [DE024371, DE027329, DE028420]
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Despite a decline in the incidence of squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) over the past 20 years, their survival rate has remained nearly the same, indicating that treatment options have not improved relative to other cancer types. Immunotherapies have a high potential for a sustained effect in SCC patients, but their response rate is low. Here, we review the suppressive role of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF beta) on the antitumor immune response in SCC and present its potential as a therapeutic target in combination with the current range of immunotherapies available for SCC patients. We conclude that SCCs are an optimal cancer type to study the effectiveness of TGF beta inhibition due to the prevalence of dysregulated TGF beta signaling in them.
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