Journal
MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS
Volume 147, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104212
Keywords
Modelling; Predictive models based on composition; Natural antimicrobial; Foodborne pathogens; Antimicrobial activity against food spoilers
Categories
Funding
- Ministere de l'Economie et de l'Innovation (MEI), through Transform Action, programme d'appui au developpement des secteurs strategiques et des creneaux d'excellence en Monteregie
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, through Growing Forward 2
- Ministere de l'Agriculture, des Pecheries, et de l'Alimentation du Quebec (MAPAQ) through the Consortium de Recherche Innovation Transformation Alimentaire (RITA)
- Quebec food industries through the Conseil de la Transformation Alimentaire du Quebec (CTAQ)
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Using disk diffusion assay and broth microdilution, we evaluated the antimicrobial activity of 38 commercially available essential oils (EOs) against 24 food pathogens and spoilers. These including E. coli 0157: H7 (3 types), Listeria (3 types), Bacillus (2 types), Salmonella enterica (2 types), Staphylococcus aureus (3 types), Clostridium tyrobutiricum, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Brochotrix thermosphacta, Campylobacter jejuni, Carnobacterium divergens, Aspergillus (2 types), and Penicillium (4 types). Correlation between EOs' chemical composition and antimicrobial properties was studied using R software. Moreover, statistical models representing the relationship were generated using Design Expert (R). The predictive models identified the chemical attributes of EOs that drive their antimicrobial properties while providing an understanding of their interactions. Thyme (Aldrich, Novotaste), cinnamon (Aliksir, BSA), garlic (Novotaste), Mexican garlic blend N & A (Novotaste), and oregano (BSA) were the strongest antimicrobial. The most sensitive pathogens were P. solitum (MIC of 19.53 ppm) and L. monocytogenes (MIC of 39 ppm). The correlation analysis showed that phenols and aldehydes had the strongest positive effects on the antimicrobial properties followed by the sulfur containing compounds and the esters; while the effects of monoterpenes and ketones were negative. Different sensitivity of food pathogens to chemical families was observed. For instance, phenols and aldehydes exhibited a linear inhibitory effect on L. monocytogenes (LM1045, MIC), while sesquiterpene and ester showed a significant effect on S. aureus (ATCC 6538, MIC). The developed predictive models are expected to predict the antimicrobial properties based on the chemical families of essential oils.
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