Journal
MEDICINE
Volume 99, Issue 20, Pages -Publisher
LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000020065
Keywords
ART failure; HIV; immune markers; sPD-L1; viral load
Categories
Funding
- Fondos de Investigacion Sanitarias and Fondos FEDER [FIS PI14/01234, PI18/00148, PIE15/00065, PI15/01005, PI18/00904]
- Fundacion Alonso
- Comunidad de Madrid [PEJ15/BIO/AI-0021, PEJD-2017/PRE-BMD-4497]
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Despite viral control, basal chronic inflammation and its related comorbidities remain unsolved problems among HIV-infected individuals. Soluble factors derived from myeloid cells have emerged as potent markers associated with HIV-related comorbidities and mortality. In the present report, we explored the relationship between soluble programmed death-ligand 1 (sPD-L1) and HIV-1 infection, antiretroviral therapy (ART), CD4/CD8 ratio, viral load (VL), and sexually transmitted coinfections. A prospective observational study on 49 HIV-1 infected adults. We found sPD-L1 levels were significantly higher in 49 HIV infected subjects than in 30 uninfected adults (1.05 ng/ml vs 0.52 ng/ml;P < .001). In this line, sPD-L1 levels were found to be elevated in 16 HIV infected subjects with undetectable VL compared with the uninfected subjects (0.75 ng/ml vs 0.52 ng/ml;P= .02). Thirteen ART-treated individuals with virological failure exhibited the highest sPDL1 levels, which were significantly higher than both 20 ART naive infected individuals (1.68 ng/ml vs 0.87 ng/ml;P = .003) and the 16 ART-treated individuals with suppressed viremia (1.68 ng/ml vs 0.79 ng/ml;P = 002). Entire cohort data showed a statistically significant positive correlation between VL and sPD-L1 levels in plasma (r = 0.3;P = 036). Our findings reveal sPDL-1 as a potential biomarker for HIV infection especially interesting in those individuals with virological failure.
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