Journal
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
Volume 454, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2020.227890
Keywords
Photoelectrochemical cell; Solar water splitting; Solar concentrator; Large-area device; Hematite photoelectrode
Funding
- Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) [SFRH/BD/121039/2016, SFRH/BPD/120970/2016, CEECIND/03937/2017]
- Project PECDEMO through the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) for the Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Joint Technology Initiative [621252]
- European Regional Development Fund (FEDER), through COMPETE2020 -Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation (POCI) [PTDC/EQU-EQU/30760/2017, POCI01-0145-FEDER-030760, POCI-01-0145-FEDER-016387, PTDC/EQU-EQU/30510/2017, POCI-01-0145-FEDER-030510]
- FCT
- Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy -LEPABE - FCT/MCTES (PIDDAC) [UIDB/00511/2020]
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This work reports a 200 cm(2) PEC-PV device that comprises four 50 cm(2) PEC cells coupled in a modular array and optimized for continuous operation under concentrated sunlight. The developed module is the second largest PEC-PV device ever reported and the first tested under natural concentrated sunlight (up to 12.8 kW m(-2)). Demonstration tests were conducted outdoor in a continuous operation mode, over four days and using highly stable hematite photoelectrodes. When assembled with four multi-PE windows, each comprising eight small nanostructured photoelectrodes connected in parallel, the module generated a stable current density of ca. 2.0 mA cm(-2) at 1.45 V, resulting in an average hydrogen production rate of 5.6 x 10(-5) g(H2) h(-1) cm(-2) (based on the net active area). A maximum current density of ca. 4.0 mA cm(-2) was reached during J-V measurements (before the dark current onset potential). It was observed that when hematite photoelectrodes are subjected to gradually higher solar irradiances the generated photocurrent follows a logarithmic saturation behaviour. This work provides important insights for demonstrating the viability of solar-driven water electrolysis by presenting a PEC-PV device that answers to the main challenges of large-scale photoelectrochemical hydrogen production.
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