Journal
JOURNAL OF HYDROINFORMATICS
Volume 22, Issue 5, Pages 1059-1077Publisher
IWA PUBLISHING
DOI: 10.2166/hydro.2020.198
Keywords
diffusion-wave hydrological modeling; multiresolution triangular mesh generation; overland flow at catchment scale; slope- vs . curvature-based topographic inputs; wavelet-based local mesh refinement
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Funding
- IDEAS Watersheds by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
- UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research council [EP/R007349/1]
- Sustainable Systems Scientific Focus Area - U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
- National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC), a U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, user facility [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
- EPSRC [EP/R007349/1] Funding Source: UKRI
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A wavelet-based local mesh refinement (wLMR) strategy is designed to generate multiresolution and unstructured triangular meshes from real digital elevation model (DEM) data for efficient hydrological simulations at the catchment scale. The wLMR strategy is studied considering slope- and curvature-based refinement criteria to analyze DEM inputs: the slope-based criterion uses bed elevation data as input to the wLMR strategy, whereas the curvature-based criterion feeds the bed slope data into it. The performance of the wLMR meshes generated by these two criteria is compared for hydrological simulations; first, using three analytical tests with the systematic variation in topography types and then by reproducing laboratory- and real-scale case studies. The bed elevation on the wLMR meshes and their simulation results are compared relative to those achieved on the finest uniform mesh. Analytical tests show that the slope- and curvature-based criteria are equally effective with the wLMR strategy, and that it is easier to decide which criterion to take in relation to the (regular) shape of the topography. For the realistic case studies: (i) slope analysis provides a better metric to assess the correlation of a wLMR mesh to the fine uniform mesh and (ii) both criteria predict outlet hydrographs with a close predictive accuracy to that on the uniform mesh, but the curvature-based criterion is found to slightly better capture the channeling patterns of real DEM data.
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