Journal
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-HUMAN PERCEPTION AND PERFORMANCE
Volume 46, Issue 9, Pages 926-941Publisher
AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC
DOI: 10.1037/xhp0000757
Keywords
visual attention; visual search; target guidance; learned distractor rejection
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Visual attention is guided toward behaviorally relevant objects by target templates stored in visual memory. Visual attention also is guided away from nontarget distractors by learned distractor rejection. In a series of 5 visual search experiments, we asked if learned distractor rejection operated while attention was simultaneously guided by a target template. Participants performed a visual search in 2-color, spatially unsegregated displays where we manipulated attentional guidance by both target templates and consistent nontarget distractors. We observed faster mean response times to the target when a consistent nontarget distractor was present than when it was absent-the hallmark of learned distractor rejection-despite the use of strong target guidance. Learned distractor rejection indeed operates alongside guidance from a target template, indicating that theories of visual attention should incorporate guidance by both target templates and learned nontargets.
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