Journal
JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART A
Volume 108, Issue 11, Pages 2175-2189Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36974
Keywords
antibacterial activity; cytotoxicity; electrophoretic deposition; gentamicin; graphene
Funding
- Basic Science Research Program of the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of Korea [2018R1A2B5A02023190]
- Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Republic of Serbia [III 45019]
- National Research Foundation of Korea [2018R1A2B5A02023190] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
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Electrophoretic deposition process (EPD) was successfully used for obtaining graphene (Gr)-reinforced composite coating based on hydroxyapatite (HAP), chitosan (CS), and antibiotic gentamicin (Gent), from aqueous suspension. The deposition process was performed as a single step process at a constant voltage (5 V, deposition time 12 min) on pure titanium foils. The influence of graphene was examined through detailed physicochemical and biological characterization. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, Raman, and X-ray photoelectron analyses confirmed the formation of composite HAP/CS/Gr and HAP/CS/Gr/Gent coatings on Ti. Obtained coatings had porous, uniform, fracture-free surfaces, suggesting strong interfacial interaction between HAP, CS, and Gr. Large specific area of graphene enabled strong bonding with chitosan, acting as nanofiller throughout the polymer matrix. Gentamicin addition strongly improved the antibacterial activity of HAP/CS/Gr/Gent coating that was confirmed by antibacterial activity kinetics in suspension and agar diffusion testing, while results indicated more pronounced antibacterial effect againstStaphylococcus aureus(bactericidal, viable cells number reduction >3 logarithmic units) compared toEscherichia coli(bacteriostatic,<3 logarithmic units).MTT assay indicated low cytotoxicity (75% cell viability) against MRC-5 and L929 (70% cell viability) tested cell lines, indicating good biocompatibility of HAP/CS/Gr/Gent coating. Therefore, electrodeposited HAP/CS/Gr/Gent coating on Ti can be considered as a prospective material for bone tissue engineering as a hard tissue implant.
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