Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ORAL & MAXILLOFACIAL IMPLANTS
Volume 35, Issue 3, Pages 616-624Publisher
QUINTESSENCE PUBLISHING CO INC
DOI: 10.11607/jomi.7877
Keywords
bone graft; bone morphogenetic proteins; compression-resistant; histology; nonhuman primate; polymer; ridge augmentation
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Funding
- Army, Navy, National Institutes of Health, Air Force, VA, and Health Affairs [W81XWH-14-2-0004]
- U.S. Army Medical Research Acquisition Activity
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) of the National Institutes of Health [T32DK101003]
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Purpose: This study was designed to test the hypothesis that compression-resistant (CR) scaffolds augmented with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) at clinically relevant doses in a nonhuman primate lateral ridge augmentation model enhances bone formation in a dose-responsive manner without additional protective membranes. Materials and Methods: Defects (15 mm long x 8 mm wide x 5 mm deep) were created bilaterally in the mandibles of nine hamadryas baboons. The defect sites were implanted with poly(ester urethane) (PEUR)/ceramic CR scaffolds augmented with 0 mg/mL rhBMP-2 (CR control), 0.75 mg/mL rhBMP-2 (CR-L), or 1.5 mg/mL rhBMP-2 (CR-H). The primary outcome of ridge width and secondary outcomes of new bone formation, cellular infiltration, and integration with host bone were evaluated using histology, histomorphometry, and microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) at 16 weeks following implantation. Results: New bone formation in the mandible was observed in a dose-responsive manner. CR-H promoted significantly greater new bone formation compared with the CR control group. In all groups, ridge width was maintained without an additional protective membrane. Conclusion: CR scaffolds augmented with a clinically relevant dose of rhBMP-2 (1.5 mg/mL) promoted significant new bone formation. These results suggest that a CR PEUR/ceramic composite scaffold without a protective membrane may be a potential new rhBMP-2 carrier for clinical use.
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