Journal
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS
Volume 67, Issue 4, Pages 3033-3042Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TIE.2019.2912762
Keywords
Light emitting diodes; Lighting; Delays; Lighting control; Stability analysis; Delay effects; Daily light integral (DLI); daylight harvesting; greenhouse lighting control; photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD); Smith predictor; supplemental lighting
Categories
Funding
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
- Pacific Institute of Climate Solutions
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In this paper, a multiple-input multiple-output control system integrated with daylight harvesting is presented as a proof-of-concept system for energy-efficient greenhouse lighting. The control objective is to regulate the intensity of dimmable multispectrum light-emitting diode (LED) fixtures for achieving desired spectral irradiance levels and color ratios while utilizing the natural sunlight as much as possible. To ensure stability and improved dynamic performance, a Smith predictor is utilized to compensate for the delay introduced into the system by the communication hardware. A stability analysis of the closed-loop system is presented considering system delay and modeling uncertainties. The proposed control system was experimentally tested in a grow-tent environment consisting of dimmable halogen lights that emulate daylight variation, multispectrum dimmable LED fixtures, and low-cost light sensors. The results indicate that about 30 energy savings can be achieved by using the proposed automated lighting control system.
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