Characterization of the profile and concentration of betacyanin in the gastric content, blood and urine of rats after an intragastric administration of fermented red beet juice

The aim of the study was to evaluate the profile and level of betacyanins in the gastric content, blood (portal and main veins) and urine of rats after an intragastric administration of fermented red beet juice with various betacyanin doses. Samples were collected within 2 h after juice administration into the stomachs, separated from the digestive tract of a living rat. In the gastric content, betacyanins administered underwent intensive degradation and changes in their profile, as a result of the conditions prevailing in the stomach and the intensity of the absorption process. Detection of 19 betacyanins (8 native compounds and 11 metabolites) in rats' physiological fluids with the HPLC-MS/MS method proves betacyanin absorption from the stomach. In addition, the study results suggest that betacyanin dose affects the rate and extent of betacyanin degradation in the gastric content, as well as the intensity of absorption, metabolism and excretion of these pigments.