Journal
CEMENT & CONCRETE COMPOSITES
Volume 72, Issue -, Pages 299-308Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2016.05.017
Keywords
Oil-well cementing; Cementitious material; Phosphogypsum; Linear expansion; Low permeability
Funding
- Innovation Fund for Technology Based Firms of China [12C26213202487]
- Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions
- Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of High Performance Civil Engineering Materials [2015CEM011]
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In the present study, unprocessed phosphogypsum (PG), a byproduct generated by the phosphorus fertilizer industry, is mixed with conventional oil-well cement (CM) and ground-granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS or SG), along with other activators and admixtures (such as silica fume (SF), retarder (USZ), and fluid loss control additive (BXF200-L)), to form a PGS slurry for oil well cementing. The mix proportion was optimized step-by-step according to the key properties of hardened PGS slurry, such as compressive strength, linear expansion, porosity, and permeability. The results indicate that the optimized PGS slurry (PGS-optimal slurry), made with the neat PGS:SF:USZ:BXF200-L (by weight) = 100:6:0.4:2, w/c = 0.44, where the neat PGS is consisting of a ratio of PG:SG:CM = 50:20:30 (by weight), had met major technical requirements for oil well cementing operation. Advantageous over the hardened CM slurry, the hardened PGS-optimal slurry generates significant expansion during hydration, thus providing the hardened slurry with excellent shrinkage compensation capability. The hardened PGS-optimal slurry has lower porosity, especially lower amount of harmful pores (>100 nm), than the hardened CM slurry. Consequently, the hardened PGS-optimal slurry also displays much lower permeability. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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