Journal
DEVELOPMENT
Volume 147, Issue 5, Pages -Publisher
COMPANY BIOLOGISTS LTD
DOI: 10.1242/dev.179325
Keywords
Stem cells; Skeleton; Skeletal repair; Periosteum; Bone marrow; Growth plate
Categories
Funding
- National Institutes of Health [T32HD060549, R21 DE023899, R35 DE027550, R21 AR064462, R01 AR069700]
- University of Southern California Regenerative Medicine Initiative Award
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Skeletal stem cells (SSCs) generate the progenitors needed for growth, maintenance and repair of the skeleton. Historically, SSCs have been defined as bone marrow-derived cells with inconsistent characteristics. However, recent in vivo tracking experiments have revealed the presence of SSCs not only within the bone marrow but also within the periosteum and growth plate reserve zone. These studies show that SSCs are highly heterogeneous with regard to lineage potential. It has also been revealed that, during digit tip regeneration and in some non-mammalian vertebrates, the dedifferentiation of osteoblasts may contribute to skeletal regeneration. Here, we examine how these research findings have furthered our understanding of the diversity and plasticity of SSCs that mediate skeletal maintenance and repair.
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