Journal
CURRENT PHARMACEUTICAL DESIGN
Volume 26, Issue 16, Pages 1778-1789Publisher
BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD
DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200212114843
Keywords
Lactose; antioxidant; excipient; food; interaction; intolerance
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Funding
- UVa-GIR (Recognized Research Group from the Valladolid University)
- Complutense University UCM-CAM (Comunidad Autonoma de Madrid-Universidad Complutense de Madrid) research group [971702]
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Lactose is a reducing sugar consisting of galactose and glucose, linked by a beta (1 -> 4) glycosidic bond, considered as an antioxidant due to its a-hydroxycarbonyl group. Lactose is widely ingested through the milk and other unfermented dairy products and is considered to be one of the primary foods. On the other hand, lactose is also considered as one of the most widely used excipients for the development of pharmaceutical formulations. In this sense, lactose has been related to numerous drug-excipient or drug-food pharmacokinetic interactions. Intolerance, maldigestion and malabsorption of carbohydrates are common disorders in clinical practice, with lactose-intolerance being the most frequently diagnosed, afflicting 10% of the world's population. Four clinical subtypes of lactose intolerance may be distinguished, namely lactase deficiency in premature infants, congenital lactase deficiency, adult-type hypolactasia and secondary lactase intolerance. An overview of the main uses of lactose in human nutrition and in the pharmaceutical industry and the problems derived from this circumstance are described in this review.
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