Journal
CURRENT OPINION IN CELL BIOLOGY
Volume 63, Issue -, Pages 11-19Publisher
CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2019.12.003
Keywords
Cytoskeleton; Guidance cues; Membrane trafficking; Post-translational modification; Mechanotransduction; Dendritic spines; Growth cone
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Funding
- National Institutes of Health [R01GM108970, F31NS113381]
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The development of a functional nervous system entails establishing connectivity between appropriate synaptic partners. During axonal pathfinding, the developing axon navigates through the extracellular environment, extending toward postsynaptic targets. In the early 1900s, Ramon y Cajal suggested that the growth cone, a specialized, dynamic, and cytoskeletal-rich structure at the tip of the extending axon, is guided by chemical cues in the extracellular environment. A century of work supports this hypothesis and introduced myriad guidance cues and receptors that promote a variety of growth cone behaviors including extension, pause, collapse, retraction, turning, and branching. Here, we highlight research from the last two years regarding pathways implicated in axon pathfinding.
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