Journal
CHEMSUSCHEM
Volume 13, Issue 17, Pages 4214-4237Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202000987
Keywords
biorefineries; electrocatalysis; electrochemical upgrading; electrooxidation; lignin valorization
Funding
- Donnelley Foundation through the Yale Institute for Biospheric Studies
- USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Hatch project [1018335]
- Michigan State University AgBioResearch
- City University of Hong Kong [9610458]
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Lignin valorization is essential for biorefineries to produce fuels and chemicals for a sustainable future. Today's biorefineries pursue profitable value propositions for cellulose and hemicellulose; however, lignin is typically used mainly for its thermal energy value. To enhance the profit potential for biorefineries, lignin valorization would be a necessary practice. Lignin valorization is greatly advantaged when biomass carbon is retained in the fuel and chemical products and when energy quality is enhanced by electrochemical upgrading. Though lignin upgrading and valorization are very desirable in principle, many barriers involved in lignin pretreatment, extraction, and depolymerization must be overcome to unlock its full potential. This Review addresses the electrochemical transformation of various lignins with the aim of gaining a better understanding of many of the barriers that currently exist in such technologies. These studies give insight into electrochemical lignin depolymerization and upgrading to value-added commodities with the end goal of achieving a global low-carbon circular economy.
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