Journal
CHEMOSPHERE
Volume 247, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.125987
Keywords
Bisphenol analogs; Urine; Indoor dust; Estimated daily intake
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Funding
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2017YFA0205200]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [81571785, 81771957]
- Chinese Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [21617484]
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Bisphenol analogs (BPs), as the industrial chemicals, are widely used in consumer products. Limited information exists regarding human exposure to BPs in university students in China. In this study, we detected concentrations of seven BPs, namely bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol AF (BPAF), bisphenol P (BPP), bisphenol AP (BPAP), bisphenol Z (BPZ), bisphenol S (BPS), and bisphenol F (BPF), in paired urine (n = 160) and indoor dust samples (n = 40) from university students in South China. High detection rates and levels (median) was found in BPA in paired urine (99%, 3.57 ng/mL) and indoor dust (80%, 2.98 mg/g) samples, followed by BPS (88%, 0.24 ng/mL; 78%, 0.22 mg/g). These findings suggest that BPA remains the major BPs used in consumer products. A positive relationship between urinary PBPs (sum of six BPs) concentration and indoor dust was observed (r = 0.444, p < 0.01), indicated that exposure to non-dietary BPs may also be significant to human exposure. The median EDIurine values (ng/kg bw/day) of PBPs in males (119.6) were relatively higher than (p < 0.05) those in females (84.6). By contrast, the median EDIdust of BPs (except for BPAF) in dust form female dormitories were slightly higher than that in dust from male dormitories. Notably, BPF was the most ingested from indoor dust (dormitory dust). This study is the first time to document the occurrence of BPs in paired urine and indoor dust in university students from China. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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