Journal
CHEMBIOCHEM
Volume 21, Issue 18, Pages 2551-2571Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000091
Keywords
metabolic engineering; metabolism; Pseudomonas putida; synthetic biology; xenobiology
Funding
- Novo Nordisk Foundation [NNF10CC1016517, NNF18OC0034818]
- European Union [713683, 814418]
- Danish Council for Independent Research (SWEET, DFF) [8021-00039B]
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The diversity of life relies on a handful of chemical elements (carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulfur and phosphorus) as part of essential building blocks; some other atoms are needed to a lesser extent, but most of the remaining elements are excluded from biology. This circumstance limits the scope of biochemical reactions in extant metabolism - yet it offers a phenomenal playground for synthetic biology. Xenobiology aims to bring novel bricks to life that could be exploited for (xeno)metabolite synthesis. In particular, the assembly of novel pathways engineered to handle nonbiological elements (neometabolism) will broaden chemical space beyond the reach of natural evolution. In this review, xeno-elements that could be blended into nature's biosynthetic portfolio are discussed together with their physicochemical properties and tools and strategies to incorporate them into biochemistry. We argue that current bioproduction methods can be revolutionized by bridging xenobiology and neometabolism for the synthesis of new-to-nature molecules, such as organohalides.
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