Journal
CELL HOST & MICROBE
Volume 27, Issue 5, Pages 823-+Publisher
CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2020.03.006
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Funding
- US National Institutes of Health [DK113136, DK121977, AI137157]
- Crohn's and Colitis Foundation Senior Research Award
- Helmsley Charitable Trust
- Irma T. Hirschl Career Scientist Award
- Center for Advanced Digestive Care (CADC)
- JRI
- Cutting-Edge Therapies for Ulcerative Colitis grant
- Lit-win IBD Pioneer Award from Crohn's and Colitis Foundation
- Crohn's and Colitis Foundation
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Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) targeting gut microbiota has recently been successfully applied to ulcerative colitis. However, only a subset of patients responds to FMT, and there is a pressing need for biomarkers of responsiveness. Fungi (the mycobiota) represent a highly immunologically reactive component of the gut microbiota. We analyzed samples from a large randomized controlled trial of FMT for ulcerative colitis (UC). High Candida abundance pre-FMT was associated with a clinical response, whereas decreased Candida abundance post-FMT was indicative of ameliorated disease severity. High pre-FMT Candida was associated with increased bacterial diversity post-FMT, and the presence of genera was linked to FMT responsiveness. Although we detected elevated anti-Candida antibodies in placebo recipients, this increase was abrogated in FMT recipients. Our data suggest that FMT might reduce Candida to contain pro-inflammatory immunity during intestinal disease and highlight the utility of mycobiota-focused approaches to identify FMT responders prior to therapy initiation.
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