Journal
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
Volume 526, Issue 1, Pages 261-266Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.02.168
Keywords
RNA G-quadruplex; Biology; Non-canonical structure
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The last several years have seen exciting advances in the understanding of the structure and function of higher-order structures of RNA. Expression levels of some specific genes were shown to be directly regulated by environmentally-responsive formation of certain secondary structures such as stem-loops and pseudoknots. Even among these noncanonical structures, RNA G-quadruplexes, which form on the regions of guanine-rich sequences in mRNA, are highly stable structures that are involved in a variety of biological processes. However, many questions regarding the biological significance of RNA G-quadruplexes remain unsettled, mainly because it is difficult to locate the structures in mRNA. This review focuses on emerging methods that locate RNA G-quadruplexes in mRNA by computational and biochemical techniques. In addition, recent reports on the biological functions of RNA G-quadruplexes are also covered to highlight their various roles in cells, such as in regulating mRNA processing and translation. (C) 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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