Journal
ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
Volume 245, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosres.2020.105071
Keywords
Reactive nitrogen; Nitrogen deposition; Ammonia; Air pollution; Agroecosystem
Categories
Funding
- National Key R&D Program of China [2017YFC0210101, 2017YFC0210106, DQGG0208]
- China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2019T120156, 2018M641531]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [41705130, 41425007, 31421092]
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Few related studies have been carried out for northwest China's the inland, although the increasing inorganic reactive nitrogen (Nr) deposition and severe air pollution in China have attracted considerable attention. Based on eight-year measurements of the concentrations of NH3, HNO3, particulate (p) NH4+, pNO(3)(-), and NO2 in the air and inorganic nitrogen (NH4+, NO3-) in the precipitation at a rural site in Wuwei, Gansu Province, we quantified the dry and bulk/wet Nr deposition fluxes and analyzed their temporal trends in combination with air pollution data (2015-2018). The concentrations of the single Nr species in the air did not exhibit significant seasonal variations, except for that of pNO(3)(-) which were the highest in summer and the lowest in winter. The average annual total Nr (dry + bulk) deposition was 27.2 +/- 6.7 kg N ha(-1) with a significant (p < .05) annual increase rate of 10%, which was dominated by the dry deposition flux (20.8 +/- 7.1 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1)) during the entire period. The NH4+-N and NO3--N deposition fluxes in the precipitation were significantly (p < .05) higher in the summer than in the other three seasons owing to the heavy rainfall. The reduced N (NH3, pNH(4)(+), and NH4+) deposition flux was 4.7 times that of the oxidized N (HNO3, pNO(3)(-), NO2, and NO3-), which increased with a high annual rate (25%). The annual mean concentrations of the main air pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, and CO) significantly decreased by 15%-76%; in contrast, increasing trends of the O-3 and NH3 concentrations were observed. Our results highlight the importance of the control of NH3 emissions and O-3 pollution to comprehensively mitigate N deposition and improve air quality in the considered region.
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