Journal
ANNUAL REVIEW OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING, VOL 22
Volume 22, Issue -, Pages 51-77Publisher
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-bioeng-092019-111110
Keywords
bottom-up synthetic biology; synthetic cell; cell-free transcription-translation; self-assembly
Categories
Funding
- National Science Foundation [MCB-1817909, CBE-1844132, EF-1935265, MCB-1613677, EF-1934496]
- Human Frontier Science Program [RGP0037/2015]
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The cell-free molecular synthesis of biochemical systems is a rapidly growing field of research. Advances in the Human Genome Project, DNA synthesis, and other technologies have allowed the in vitro construction of biochemical systems, termed cell-free biology, to emerge as an exciting domain of bioengineering. Cell-free biology ranges from the molecular to the cell-population scales, using an ever-expanding variety of experimental platforms and toolboxes. In this review, we discuss the ongoing efforts undertaken in the three major classes of cell-free biology methodologies, namely protein-based, nucleic acids-based, and cell-free transcription-translation systems, and provide our perspectives on the current challenges as well as the major goals in each of the subfields.
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