Hippocampal Sclerosis Detection with NeuroQuant Compared with Neuroradiologists

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: NeuroQuant is an FDA-approved software that performs automated MR imaging quantitative volumetric analysis. This study aimed to compare the accuracy of NeuroQuant analysis with visual MR imaging analysis by neuroradiologists with expertise in epilepsy in identifying hippocampal sclerosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed 144 adult patients who underwent presurgical evaluation for temporal lobe epilepsy. The reference standard for hippocampal sclerosis was defined by having hippocampal sclerosis on pathology (n = 61) or not having hippocampal sclerosis on pathology (n = 83). Sensitivities, specificities, positive predictive values, and negative predictive values were compared between NeuroQuant analysis and visual MR imaging analysis by using a McNemar paired test of proportions and the Bayes theorem. RESULTS: NeuroQuant analysis had a similar specificity to neuroradiologist visual MR imaging analysis (90.4% versus 91.6%; P = .99) but a lower sensitivity (69.0% versus 93.0%, P