Journal
AGING-US
Volume 12, Issue 8, Pages 6852-6864Publisher
IMPACT JOURNALS LLC
DOI: 10.18632/aging.103046
Keywords
swimming exercise; induced-aging rats; hippocampus; inflammatory; apoptosis
Categories
Funding
- National Science Council [NSC102-2410-H-166-005]
- Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology [CTU102-P-09]
- Ministry of Science and Technology [MOST103-2410-H-166-005]
- China Medical University [CMU102-ASIA-02]
- Asia University [CMU102-ASIA-02]
- Taiwan Ministry of Health and Welfare Clinical Trial and Research Center of Excellence [MOHW104-TDU-B-212-113002]
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Hippocampus is one of the most vulnerable brain regions in terms of age-related pathological change. Exercise is presumed to delay the aging process and promote health because it seems to improve the function of most of the aging mechanisms. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of swimming exercise training on brain inflammation, apoptotic and survival pathways in the hippocampus of D-galactose-induced aging in SD rats. The rats were allocated to the following groups: (1) control; (2) swimming exercise; (3) induced-aging by injecting D-galactose; (4) induced-aging rats with swimming exercise. The longevity-related AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1 alpha signaling pathway and brain IGF1/PI3K/Akt survival pathway were significantly reduced in D-galactose-induced aging group compared to non-aging control group and increased after exercise training. The inflammation pathway markers were over-expressed in induced-aging hippocampus, exercise significantly inhibited the inflammatory signaling activity. Fas-dependent and mitochondrial-dependent apoptotic pathways were significantly increased in the induced-aging group relative to the control group whereas they were decreased in the aging-exercise group. This study demonstrated that swimming exercise not only reduced aging-induced brain apoptosis and inflammatory signaling activity, but also enhanced the survival pathways in the hippocampus, which provides one of the new beneficial effects for exercise training in aging brain.
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