Journal
ADVANCED MATERIALS
Volume 32, Issue 19, Pages -Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/adma.202000270
Keywords
aliphatic amines; bioelectronics; enhancement-mode transistor; molecular doping; organic electrochemical transistor; poly(ethylenedioxythiophene); poly(styrene sulfonate
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Funding
- Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-76SF00515] Funding Source: Medline
- National Science Foundation [ECCS-1542152] Funding Source: Medline
- Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research Funding Source: Medline
- Office of Science Funding Source: Medline
- Stanford Graduate Fellowship [6037395] Funding Source: Medline
- U.S. Department of Energy Funding Source: Medline
- Stanford SystemX Seed Grant Funding Source: Medline
- European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme [802615] Funding Source: Medline
- Ministerie van Onderwijs, Cultuur en Wetenschap [024.001.035] Funding Source: Medline
- Semiconductor Research Corporation [1808401, 1739795] Funding Source: Medline
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Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) show great promise for flexible, low-cost, and low-voltage sensors for aqueous solutions. The majority of OECT devices are made using the polymer blend poly(ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), in which PEDOT is intrinsically doped due to inclusion of PSS. Because of this intrinsic doping, PEDOT:PSS OECTs generally operate in depletion mode, which results in a higher power consumption and limits stability. Here, a straightforward method to de-dope PEDOT:PSS using commercially available amine-based molecular de-dopants to achieve stable enhancement-mode OECTs is presented. The enhancement-mode OECTs show mobilities near that of pristine PEDOT:PSS (approximate to 2 cm(2) V-1 s(-1)) with stable operation over 1000 on/off cycles. The electron and proton exchange among PEDOT, PSS, and the molecular de-dopants are characterized to reveal the underlying chemical mechanism of the threshold voltage shift to negative voltages. Finally, the effect of the de-doping on the microstructure of the spin-cast PEDOT:PSS films is investigated.
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