Journal
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
Volume 12, Issue 20, Pages 22853-22861Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c03180
Keywords
perovskite solar cells; additive; compact TiO2; electron extraction; crystallization
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21701009, 61704154]
- Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province [LY17F040005, LY20F040006, LY19F040009]
- Visiting Scholar Foundation of State Key Lab of Silicon Materials [SKL2018-09, SKL2019-07]
- Fundamental Research Funds of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University [2019Q069]
- Science Foundation of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University [15062021-Y]
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Numerous trap states and low conductivity of compact TiO2 layers are major obstacles for achieving high power conversion efficiency and high-stability perovskite solar cells. Here we report an effective Na2S-doped TiO2 layer, which can improve the conductivity of TiO2 layers, the contact of the TiO2/perovskite interface, and the crystallinity of perovskite layers. Comprehensive investigations demonstrate that Na cations increase the conductivity of TiO2 layers while S anions change the wettability of TiO2 layers, thus improving the crystallinity of perovskite layers and passivate defects at the TiO2/PVK interface. The synergetic effects of dopants lead to a champion efficiency as high as 21.25% in unencapsulated perovskite solar cells (PSCs), with much-improved stability. Our work provides new insights on anion dopants in TiO2 layers, which is usually neglected in previous reports, and also proposes a simple approach to produce low-cost and high-performance electron transport layers for high-performance PSCs.
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