Journal
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
Volume 12, Issue 23, Pages 25756-25766Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c03671
Keywords
separators; aramid; nanofibers; safety; Li-ion battery
Funding
- Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-19-10170]
- National Science Foundation under CBET award [CBET-1845805]
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Mechanically and thermally robust separators offer an alternative approach for preventing battery failure under extreme conditions such as high loads and temperatures. However, the trade-off between electrochemical performance and mechanical and thermal stability remains an ongoing challenge. Here, we investigate aramid nanofiber (ANF) separators that possess high moduli and self-extinguishing characteristics. The ANF separators are formed from the dissolution of bulk Kevlar fibers and their subsequent vacuum-assisted self-assembly. Thermogravimetric analysis shows a high 5 wt % decomposition temperature of 447 degrees C, which is over similar to 175 degrees C higher than commercial Celgard separators. The ANF separator also possesses a high Young's modulus of 8.8 GPa, which is similar to 1000% higher than commercial separators. Even when dry or when soaked in battery electrolyte, the ANF separators self-extinguish upon exposure to flame, whereas commercial separators melt or drip. We show that these features, although adventitious, present a trade-off with electrochemical performance in which a lithium nickel manganse cobalt (NMC) oxide-based battery possessed a reduced capacity of 123.4 mA h g(-1). Considering the separator holistically, we propose that the ANF separator shows an excellent balance of the combined properties of high modulus, flame-resistance, thermal stability, and electrochemical stability and might be suitable for extreme environment applications with further testing.
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