New Application of an Instantaneous Frequency Parameter for Assessing Far Infrared Fabric Effects in Aged Subjects

A microcirculation microscope has recently been introduced to reveal finger blood flow changes by visualization, before and after using far-infrared fabric. Digital volume pulses (DVPs) from the dominant index fingertip of healthy young subjects (Group 1, n = 66) and healthy upper middle-aged subjects (Group 2, n = 33) were acquired through a photoplethysmographic electrical device (PED). By using the one intrinsic mode function (i.e., IMF5), an instantaneous frequency difference (Delta f(Emax)) was revealed through the second part of the Hilbert-Huang transformation. Parameters from DVPs in the time domain, i.e., the stiffness index, crest time, crest time ratio, and finger perfusion index, were also obtained for comparison. The results showed significant differences in FPI and Delta f(Emax) between the two groups (p = 0.002 and p = 0.043, respectively). A significant Delta f(Emax) was also noted for the two groups under the effects of far-infrared radiation (FIR) (Group 1: p = 0.046; Group 2: p = 0.002). In conclusion, this study aimed to validate a self-developed and economical device, with a good extensibility, which can be operated in a domestic setting, and to demonstrate that the PED performed quantitative indexes on finger blood flow comparable to those investigated through a microcirculation microscope.