Journal
CELLS
Volume 9, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/cells9010138
Keywords
Mmi1; TCTP; translationally controlled tumor protein; autophagy; reactive oxygen species; rapamycin; nitrogen starvation
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Funding
- Czech Science Foundation [CSF16-05497S]
- J. W. Fulbright Commission (Prague, Czech Republic)
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Translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) is a multifunctional and highly conserved protein from yeast to humans. Recently, its role in non-selective autophagy has been reported with controversial results in mammalian and human cells. Herein we examine the effect of Mmi1, the yeast ortholog of TCTP, on non-selective autophagy in budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a well-established model system to monitor autophagy. We induced autophagy by nitrogen starvation or rapamycin addition and measured autophagy by using the Pho8 Delta 60 and GFP-Atg8 processing assays in WT, mmi1 Delta, and in autophagy-deficient strains atg8 Delta or atg1 Delta. Our results demonstrate that Mmi1 does not affect basal or nitrogen starvation-induced autophagy. However, an increased rapamycin-induced autophagy is detected in mmi1 Delta strain when the cells enter the post-diauxic growth phase, and this phenotype can be rescued by inserted wild-type MMI1 gene. Further, the mmi1 Delta cells exhibit significantly lower amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the post-diauxic growth phase compared to WT cells. In summary, our study suggests that Mmi1 negatively affects rapamycin-induced autophagy in the post-diauxic growth phase and supports the role of Mmi1/TCTP as a negative autophagy regulator in eukaryotic cells.
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