Enhanced synthesis, structure, and ferroelectric properties of Nb-modified 1-x [Bi0.5 (Na0.4K0.1) (Ti1-xNbx)]O3-x(Ba0.7Sr0.3)TiO3 ceramics for energy storage applications

BNKTN-BST ceramics (1-x)[Bi-0.5(Na0.4K0.1)(Ti1-xNbx)]O(-)x(Ba0.7Sr0.3)TiO3, (x = 0.00, 0.025, 0.050, 0.075) were synthesized by conventional solid-state reaction method. The prepared compounds were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), ferroelectric, piezoelectric, and energy storage behavior. Powder-XRD characterization revealed a perovskite phase of all the prepared compounds and EDX analysis confirmed the presence of all the elements in the composition. The P-E hysteresis loops of the BNKTN-BST ceramics were measured under an electric field of 10-60 kV/cm at room temperature. BNKTN-BST at (x = 0.075) ceramics show higher piezoelectric constant d(33) and energy storage efficiency of 127 pC/N and 68.2% respectively. Therefore, BNKTN-BST ceramic is a promising candidate which can be used in the energy storage capacitor and piezoelectric sensor applications.