Journal
SCIENCE CHINA-MATERIALS
Volume 63, Issue 10, Pages 1870-1877Publisher
SCIENCE PRESS
DOI: 10.1007/s40843-019-1227-7
Keywords
graphene oxides; porous carbons; hydrogels; capillary force; network shrinkage
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Funding
- National Natural Science Fund for the Distinguished Young Scholars, China [51525204]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51702229, 51872195]
- CAS Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials [KLCM KFJJ1704]
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Conventional carbon materials cannot combine high density and high porosity, which are required in many applications, typically for energy storage under a limited space. A novel highly dense yet porous carbon has previously been produced from a three-dimensional (3D) reduced graphene oxide (r-GO) hydrogel by evaporation-induced drying. Here the mechanism of such a network shrinkage in r-GO hydrogel is specifically illustrated by the use of water and 1,4-dioxane, which have a sole difference in surface tension. As a result, the surface tension of the evaporating solvent determines the capillary forces in the nanochannels, which causes shrinkage of the r-GO network. More promisingly, the selection of a solvent with a known surface tension can precisely tune the microstructure associated with the density and porosity of the resulting porous carbon, rendering the porous carbon materials great potential in practical devices with high volumetric performance.
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