Journal
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
Volume 31, Issue -, Pages 67-84Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2019.10.006
Keywords
iRhom2; ADAM17/TACE; Obesity; Insulin resistance; NAFLD; BAT; Browning; Thermogenesis; UCP1
Categories
Funding
- Fundacao Calouste Gulbenkian
- Worldwide Cancer Research [14-1289]
- Marie Curie Career Integration Grant [618769]
- Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia (FCT) [SFRH/BCC/52507/2014, PTDC/BEX-BCM/3015/2014, LISBOA-01-0145-FEDER-031330]
- FCT [SFRH/BPD/117216/2016, FCT: PTDC/BIM-MEC/4665/2014]
- Congento [LISBOA-01-0145-FEDER022170]
- Lisboa Regional Operational Programme (Lisboa 2020), under the Portugal 2020 Partnership Agreement, through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)
- Foundation for Science and Technology (Portugal)
- Xunta de Galicia [2016-PG068]
- Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO) [SRTI2018-101840-B-I00]
- Atresmedia
- European Community Horizon 2020 [ERC-2014-CoG 647888-iPROTECTION]
- Wellcome Trust strategic award [100574/Z/12/Z]
- MRC MDU [MC_UU_12012/2]
- MRC [MC_UU_00014/2, MC_UU_12012/2, MC_UU_00014/5, MC_UU_12012/5, G0600717, G0400192, G0802051] Funding Source: UKRI
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Objective: Obesity is the result of positive energy balance. It can be caused by excessive energy consumption but also by decreased energy dissipation, which occurs under several conditions including when the development or activation of brown adipose tissue (BAT) is impaired. Here we evaluated whether iRhom2, the essential cofactor for the Tumour Necrosis Factor (TNF) sheddase ADAM17/TACE, plays a role in the pathophysiology of metabolic syndrome. Methods: We challenged WT versus iRhom2 KO mice to positive energy balance by chronic exposure to a high fat diet and then compared their metabolic phenotypes. We also carried out ex vivo assays with primary and immortalized mouse brown adipocytes to establish the autonomy of the effect of loss of iRhom2 on thermogenesis and respiration. Results: Deletion of iRhom2 protected mice from weight gain, dyslipidemia, adipose tissue inflammation, and hepatic steatosis and improved insulin sensitivity when challenged by a high fat diet. Crucially, the loss of iRhom2 promotes thermogenesis via BAT activation and beige adipocyte recruitment, enabling iRhom2 KO mice to dissipate excess energy more efficiently than WT animals. This effect on enhanced thermogenesis is cell-autonomous in brown adipocytes as iRhom2 KOs exhibit elevated UCP1 levels and increased mitochondrial proton leak. Conclusion: Our data suggest that iRhom2 is a negative regulator of thermogenesis and plays a role in the control of adipose tissue homeostasis during metabolic disease. (C) 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier GmbH.
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