Management of moderate-to-severe dry eye disease using chitosan-N-acetylcysteine (Lacrimera®) eye drops: a retrospective case series

Purpose Dry eye disease is a highly prevalent condition that causes tear film instability, ocular discomfort, and visual disturbance. Lacrimera eye drops are approved for the short-term treatment of dry eye disease. We aimed to evaluate the clinical outcome of patients with moderate-to-severe dry eye disease treated with Lacrimera up to 1 month during routine clinical practice. Methods We retrospectively collected data from 25 patients with dry eye disease from the start of Lacrimera treatment up to 1 month of follow-up period. We analyzed standard clinical parameters to follow the course of the patients' dry eye signs and symptoms. Results Based on corneal staining data, we found that the percentage of patients with intact corneas raised from 12 to 64% after 1 month of Lacrimera treatment. During this period, we also observed an increase in both tear breakup time (p < 0.05) and Schirmer's score (p < 0.001), with lower values indicating severer signs. Lacrimera eye drops were judged by 29% of the patients to be effective at relieving eye symptoms. Conclusions Lacrimera appears to be safe and effective in the treatment of dry eye disease, as assessed by corneal staining, tear breakup time, and Schirmer's analyses. Our data suggest that the regenerative effect of Lacrimera eye drops peaks at 2 weeks and is sustained for at least 1 month when administered for a longer period of time.