Journal
PHYTOKEYS
Volume -, Issue 138, Pages 3-15Publisher
PENSOFT PUBLISHERS
DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.138.38674
Keywords
Diversity; Equisetum; Miocene; Pliocene; rhizome tubers
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Funding
- NSFC (National Natural Science Foundation of China)-NERC (Natural Environment Research Council of the United Kingdom) [41661134049, NE/P013805/1]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [41922010, U1502231, 31800183]
- Strategic Priority Research Programme of CAS [XDA20070301, XDB26000000]
- Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province [2019FB026]
- Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS-SEABRI) [Y4ZK111B01]
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Three fossil species of Equisetum (Equisetaceae) were reported from the Neogene of south-western China and northern Vietnam, based on well-preserved rhizomes with tubers. Equisetum cf. pratense Ehrhart from the middle Miocene of Zhenyuan County, Yunnan Province, China is characterised by a bunch of three ovate tubers with longitudinal ridges on the surface. Equisetum yenbaiense A.T. Aung, T. Su, T.V. Do & Z.K. Zhou, sp. nov. from the late Miocene of Yenbai Province, Vietnam is characterised by four bunches of elongate tubers arranged in a whorl on a node. Equisetum yongpingense A.T. Aung, T. Su & Z.K. Zhou, sp. nov. from the late Pliocene of Yunnan is characterised by fibrous roots on most nodes and two to four bunches of large cylindrical tubers arranged in a whorl on a node. Floristic assemblages suggest that these species might have grown near a riverside or lakeshore. These new fossil records improve our understanding of species richness of Equisetum and their distribution range during the Neogene in Asia.
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