Journal
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
Volume 11, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00072
Keywords
calcium signalling; cardiac arrhythmias; catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia; long QT syndrome; atrial fibrillation; reentry; early afterdepolarization; delayed afterdepolarization
Categories
Funding
- National Research Development and Innovation Office [NKFIH-K115397]
- European Union [GINOP-2.3.2.-15-2016-00040, EFOP3.6.2-16-2017-00006]
- European Regional Development Fund [GINOP-2.3.2.-15-2016-00040, EFOP3.6.2-16-2017-00006]
- Thematic Excellence Programme of the Ministry for Innovation and Technology in Hungary of the University of Debrecen [ED_18-1-2019-0028]
- British Heart Foundation Chair Award [CH/200004/12801]
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Calcium ions (Ca2+) play a major role in the cardiac excitation-contraction coupling. Intracellular Ca2+ concentration increases during systole and falls in diastole thereby determining cardiac contraction and relaxation. Normal cardiac function also requires perfect organization of the ion currents at the cellular level to drive action potentials and to maintain action potential propagation and electrical homogeneity at the tissue level. Any imbalance in Ca2+ homeostasis of a cardiac myocyte can lead to electrical disturbances. This review aims to discuss cardiac physiology and pathophysiology from the elementary membrane processes that can cause the electrical instability of the ventricular myocytes through intracellular Ca2+ handling maladies to inherited and acquired arrhythmias. Finally, the paper will discuss the current therapeutic approaches targeting cardiac arrhythmias.
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