Journal
ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
Volume 8, Issue 11, Pages 4537-4546Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c00101
Keywords
photocatalysis; hydrogen production; zinc vacancy; heterojunction; surface photovoltage
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21673080, 51706231, 51974158]
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An incompletely covered CdS/ZnS core/shell is synthesized via a simple hydrothermal method. Due to the defect energy levels introduced by zinc vacancies, the typical type-I heterojunction of CdS/ZnS evolves to a type-II heterojunction and Z-scheme hybrid structure so that the ZnS shell can timely transfer and capture the photogenerated holes from the CdS core. The surface photovoltage (SPV) distribution caused by photogenerated charges on the surface of catalyst is visually presented by Kelvin probe force microscopy with synchronous illumination (microscope SPV). It intuitively proves the effective spatial separation of photogenerated holes from the CdS core to the ZnS shell, for the first time. Under optimal conditions, the highest hydrogen production rate of CdS/ZnS reached 24.1 mmol g(-1) h(-1) under visible light illumination. The average apparent quantum yield of 9.3% can be achieved for 9 h of illumination (lambda = 420 +/- 5 nm). It exhibits highly efficient photocatalytic H-2 evolution with well stability.
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