Journal
ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS
Volume 9, Issue 7, Pages -Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201901714
Keywords
growth factors; regenerative medicine; stimuli-responsive delivery; tissue engineering
Funding
- National Institutes of Health [5R01AR057837, 1R01EB021857, 1R01AR066193, 1R01GM126831, 1R01AR073135]
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Growth factors (GFs) play a crucial role in directing stem cell behavior and transmitting information between different cell populations for tissue regeneration. However, their utility as therapeutics is limited by their short half-life within the physiological microenvironment and significant side effects caused by off-target effects or improper dosage. Smart materials that can not only sustain therapeutic delivery over a treatment period but also facilitate on-demand release upon activation are attracting significant interest in the field of GF delivery for tissue engineering. Three properties are essential in engineering these smart materials: 1) the cargo vehicle protects the encapsulated therapeutic; 2) release is targeted to the site of injury; 3) cargo release can be modulated by disease-specific stimuli. The aim of this review is to summarize the current research on stimuli-responsive materials as intelligent vehicles for controlled GF delivery; Five main subfields of tissue engineering are discussed: skin, bone and cartilage, muscle, blood vessel, and nerve. Challenges in achieving such smart materials and perspectives on future applications of stimuli-responsive GF delivery for tissue regeneration are also discussed.
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