Journal
VIRULENCE
Volume 11, Issue 1, Pages 32-38Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2019.1705022
Keywords
EV71; non-lytically; exosomes; Density; EXO-EV71
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [81601751]
- Jiangsu Province 333 Project [BRA2017144]
- Jiangsu Province Medical Talents Program [QNRC2016453]
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Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is a non-enveloped virus and it can be released from host cells through a traditional cytolytic manner. Now, we showed EV71 could be spread non-lytically between cells during early viral infection. In order to explain this phenomenon, we separated supernatant fluids of rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) cells cultures infected with EV71 by isopycnic gradient centrifugation. Two populations of virus particles were morphology indistinguishable by transmission electron microscope (TEM). It showed that some EV71 particles were wrapped inside extracellular vesicles which were verified to be exosomes by immunoassay and morphologic analysis. In addition, exosomes containing viral RNA were shed in plasma of EV71-infected encephalitis in children. Our findings indicate that the non-enveloped EV71 virions could be wrapped within exosomes which promote their spread in the absence of cell lysis.
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