Journal
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
Volume 11, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13704-2
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Funding
- Natural Science Foundation of China [U1808209]
- CAS Interdisciplinary Innovation Team [JCTD-2018-10]
- Strategic Priority Research Program of the CAS [XDA21070100]
- Key project of Frontier Science in CAS [QYZDB-SSW-SLH026]
- Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program [XLYC1802050]
- Key R & D project of Da Lian [2018YF17GX020]
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A membrane with both high ion conductivity and selectivity is critical to high power density and low-cost flow batteries, which are of great importance for the wide application of renewable energies. The trade-off between ion selectivity and conductivity is a bottleneck of ion conductive membranes. In this paper, a thin-film composite membrane with ultrathin polyamide selective layer is found to break the trade-off between ion selectivity and conductivity, and dramatically improve the power density of a flow battery. As a result, a vanadium flow battery with a thin-film composite membrane achieves energy efficiency higher than 80% at a current density of 260 mA cm(-2), which is the highest ever reported to the best of our knowledge. Combining experiments and theoretical calculation, we propose that the high performance is attributed to the proton transfer via Grotthuss mechanism and Vehicle mechanism in sub-1 nm pores of the ultrathin polyamide selective layer.
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