Journal
CANCER LETTERS
Volume 379, Issue 2, Pages 166-172Publisher
ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.03.033
Keywords
TGF-beta signaling; Cancers; Liver cancer; GI cancers
Categories
Funding
- National Institutes of Health [R01CA106614, R01AA023146, P01CA130821]
- University of Texas MD Anderson Multidisciplinary Research Program
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Transforming Growth Factor-beta (TGF-beta) plays crucial and complex roles in liver and gastrointestinal cancers. These include a multitude of distinct functions, such as maintaining stem cell homeostasis, promoting fibrosis, immune modulating, as a tumor suppressor and paradoxically, as a tumor progressor. However, key mechanisms for the switches responsible for these distinct actions are poorly understood, and remain a challenge. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) analyses and genetically engineered mouse models now provide an integrated approach to dissect these multifaceted and context-dependent driving roles of the TGF-beta pathway. In this review, we will discuss the molecular mechanisms of TGF-beta signaling, focusing on colorectal, gastric, pancreatic, and liver cancers. Novel drugs targeting the TGF-beta pathway have been developed over the last decade, and some have been proven effective in clinical trials. A better understanding of the TGF-beta pathway may improve our ability to target it, thus providing more tools to the armamentarium against these deadly cancers. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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