Journal
SENSORS
Volume 20, Issue 3, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/s20030796
Keywords
monopole antenna; ultra-wideband (UWB); wideband; ENG metamaterial; near-zero refractive index (NZRI)
Funding
- Multimedia University, TM RD [MMUE-180010]
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, TM RD [KK-2019-003]
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A printed compact monopole antenna based on a single negative (SNG) metamaterial is proposed for ultra-wideband (UWB) applications. A low-profile, key-shaped structure forms the radiating monopole and is loaded with metamaterial unit cells with negative permittivity and more than 1.5 GHz bandwidth of near-zero refractive index (NZRI) property. The antenna offers a wide bandwidth from 3.08 to 14.1 GHz and an average gain of 4.54 dBi, with a peak gain of 6.12 dBi; this is in contrast to the poor performance when metamaterial is not used. Moreover, the maximum obtained radiation efficiency is 97%. A reasonable agreement between simulation and experiments is realized, demonstrating that the proposed antenna can operate over a wide bandwidth with symmetric split-ring resonator (SSRR) metamaterial structures and compact size of 14.5 x 22 mm(2) (0.148 lambda(0) x 0.226 lambda(0)) with respect to the lowest operating frequency.
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