4.6 Article

Retrieval and Timing Performance of Chewing-Based Eating Event Detection in Wearable Sensors

Journal

SENSORS
Volume 20, Issue 2, Pages -

Publisher

MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/s20020557

Keywords

automated dietary monitoring; eating detection; eating timing error analysis; biomedical signal processing; smart eyeglasses; wearable health monitoring

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We present an eating detection algorithm for wearable sensors based on first detecting chewing cycles and subsequently estimating eating phases. We term the corresponding algorithm class as a bottom-up approach. We evaluated the algorithm using electromyographic (EMG) recordings from diet-monitoring eyeglasses in free-living and compared the bottom-up approach against two top-down algorithms. We show that the F1 score was no longer the primary relevant evaluation metric when retrieval rates exceeded approx. 90%. Instead, detection timing errors provided more important insight into detection performance. In 122 hours of free-living EMG data from 10 participants, a total of 44 eating occasions were detected, with a maximum F1 score of 99.2%. Average detection timing errors of the bottom-up algorithm were 2.4 +/- 0.4 s and 4.3 +/- 0.4 s for the start and end of eating occasions, respectively. Our bottom-up algorithm has the potential to work with different wearable sensors that provide chewing cycle data. We suggest that the research community report timing errors (e.g., using the metrics described in this work).

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