Journal
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
Volume 703, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134699
Keywords
Bioaccumulation; Combined effects; Environmental microplastic concentration; Toxicity
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21822605, 21677068]
- Chinese Public Science and Technology Research Funds for Ocean Projects [201505034]
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse Open Funding Project [PCRRF18024]
- Science and Technology Innovation Commission of Shenzhen [JCYJ20180507182227257]
- Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation [2019A1515011630]
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Microplastics, whether originating directly from industrial and household products or from the degradation of larger plastics, are currently of intense global concern. These particles are present in aquatic environments in high concentrations and may adversely affect aquatic organisms. An additional concern is the ability of microplastics to adsorb inorganic and organic pollutants and subsequently liberate them into marine and freshwater systems. In this review, we report on the occurrence and abundance of microplastics in the global aquatic environment. We then consider the accumulation (uptake, distribution, and elimination) of microplastics in aquatic organisms and the important factors that lead to bioaccumulation. The effects of microplastics on aquatic organisms of different trophic levels are also discussed. Several studies have shown that the size, shape, and surface physicochemical characteristics of microplastics are essential determinants of their biological effects. Finally, we examine the combined effects of microplastics and other pollutants, including persistent organic pollutants and heavy metals. Our review concludes by suggesting future lines of research based on the remaining knowledge gaps in microplastic research. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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